Inzira yo Gukubita Uruhuni intambwe ingenzi muguhindura inyamaswa zihisha ibintu birambye, birebire bishobora gukoreshwa kubicuruzwa bitandukanye, kuva kumyenda ninkweto kubikoresho nibikoresho. Ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa muguhuza bigira uruhare runini mugugena ubuziranenge numutungo wuruhu yarangije. Gusobanukirwa ibikoresho bitandukanye bigize uruhare mubikorwa byo kugabana ni ngombwa kubantu bose bagize uruhare mu nganda zuruhu.
Kimwe mu bikoresho by'ibanze bikoreshwa mu guhunga kw'uruhu ninyamaswa yihishe. Imyuka isanzwe iboneka mu nyama z'inka nk'inka, intama, ihene, n'ingurube zazutse ku nyama zabo n'ibindi bitwa. Ubwiza bw'ubwite bwatewe nibintu nkinyamaswa, imyaka, nibihe byazamuwe. Hisha hamwe inenge nkeya hamwe nubunini mubisanzwe bihitamo umusaruro w'uruhu.
Usibye kwihisha inyamaswa, tanneri nayo ikoresha imiti itandukanye n'ibintu bya karemano kugirango byorohereze inzira yo gutaka. Umwe mu bakozi bashinzwe ubukana gakondo ni Tanknin, ahantu nyaburanga ibigo bya Polyphenike biboneka mu bimera nk'igiti, igituza, na quebracho. Tannin azwiho ubushobozi bwo guhambira fibre ya cougen mu nyamaswa yihishe, igaha uruhu imbaraga, guhinduka, no kurwanya kubora. Tanneries irashobora kubona tannin mugukuramo ibikoresho bya fatizo cyangwa ukoresheje ibibuga bya tannin.
Ubundi bushakashatsi busanzwe ni umunyu wa chromium, bukoreshwa cyane mumusaruro wa none. Igikoresho cya Chromium kizwiho kwihuta no gukora neza, kimwe nubushobozi bwayo bwo kubyara uruhu rworoshye, rwongera uruhu rwongeye kugumana amabara meza. Ariko, gukoresha chromium mugukina byashyize ahagaragara ibibazo bishingiye ku bidukikije kubera ubushobozi bwo gutangiza imyanda n'ubujura. Tanneri igomba kubahiriza amategeko akomeye nibikorwa byiza byo kugabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije za Chromium.
Ibindi bintu bya chimique bikoreshwa muburyo bwo guhagarika harimo aside, ibishingwe, hamwe nububiko butandukanye bwa synthetike. Iyi miti ifasha gukuraho umusatsi ninyama ziva mu muhiro, guhindura ph of the recrenine, kandi koroshya guhuza tannine cyangwa chromium kuri fibre ya cougen. Tanneri igomba gukemura iyi miti yitonze kugirango umutekano ukemure kandi urengera ibidukikije.
Usibye abashinzwe inanga, tanneri barashobora gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye byabafasha kugirango bigere kumiterere yihariye cyangwa irangira. Ibi birashobora kubamo dyes na pigment kumabara, amavuta n'ibishashara byoroheje no kurwanya amazi, no kurangiza imisoro nka resives hamwe nindabyo. Guhitamo ibikoresho byabafasha biterwa nibiranga uruhu rwarangiye, byaba bibaye kubintu byimyambarire yo hejuru cyangwa ibicuruzwa byaciwe hanze.
Guhitamo no guhuza ibikoresho fatizo byo gutaka ni inzira igoye kandi yihariye isaba gusobanukirwa byimbitse bya chimie, ibinyabuzima, na siyansi. Tanneries igomba guhuza neza ibintu nkibiciro, ingaruka zibidukikije, hamwe nubwumvikane mugihe baharanira kubyara uruhu rwinshi ruhura nisoko ryisoko.
Mugihe umuguzi amenya ibibazo byibidukikije kandi byimyitwarire biriyongera, mu buryo bugenda bwiyongera mubikorwa birambye kandi byinshuti. Thanneri zimwe zirimo gushakisha ubundi buryo bwo guhagarika amasoko zishobora kuvugururwa, nk'ibishishwa n'imbuto, kimwe nikoranabuhanga rishya nkamazi meza nimboga. Izi mbaraga zigamije kugabanya kwishingikiriza kumiti no kugabanya ikirenge cyibidukikije cyumusaruro wuruhu.
Muri rusange, ibikoresho fatizo byo gutaka uruhu ni bitandukanye kandi utandukanye, ugaragaza amateka akungahaye kandi ukomeje guhanga udushya mu nganda zuruhu. Mugusobanukirwa no gucunga witonze ibi bikoresho fatizo, tannees birashobora gukomeza kubyara uruhu rwinshi ruhuye nibikenewe byabaguzi mugihe dukemura ibibazo byo kuramba no kuba igisonga cyibidukikije.
Igihe cya nyuma: Werurwe-14-2024
