Inzira yo gutwika uruhunintambwe yingenzi muguhindura uruhu rwinyamanswa mubintu biramba, biramba bishobora gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa bitandukanye, kuva imyenda n'inkweto kugeza mubikoresho nibikoresho.Ibikoresho fatizo bikoreshwa mugukata bigira uruhare runini mukumenya ubuziranenge nimiterere yuruhu rwuzuye.Gusobanukirwa ibikoresho bitandukanye biboneka mubikorwa byo gutwika ni ngombwa kubantu bose bagize uruhare munganda zimpu.
Kimwe mu bikoresho by'ibanze bikoreshwa mu gutwika uruhu ni inyamaswa yihisha.Ubusanzwe impu ziboneka mu nyamaswa nk'inka, intama, ihene, n'ingurube, zororerwa ku nyama zazo n'ibindi bicuruzwa.Ubwiza bwimpu buterwa nibintu nkubwoko bwinyamaswa, imyaka, nuburyo yarezwe.Guhisha ufite inenge nkeya ndetse nubunini burenze urugero bikundwa kubyara uruhu.
Usibye guhisha inyamaswa, uruganda rukoresha imiti itandukanye hamwe nibintu bisanzwe kugirango byorohereze inzira.Kimwe mu bintu gakondo byogosha ni tannin, ibisanzwe bisanzwe bya polifenolike biboneka mubihingwa nka oak, igituza, na quebracho.Tannin izwiho ubushobozi bwo guhuza fibre ya kolagen mu bwihisho bw’inyamaswa, igaha uruhu imbaraga, guhinduka, no kurwanya kubora.Uruganda rushobora kubona tannine mu kuyikura mu bimera mbisi cyangwa ukoresheje ibicuruzwa biva mu bucuruzi.
Ikindi kintu gikunze gukoreshwa ni imyunyu ya chromium, ikoreshwa cyane mugukora uruhu rwa kijyambere.Gukoresha Chromium bizwiho umuvuduko no gukora neza, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kubyara uruhu rworoshye, rworoshye kandi rufite amabara meza.Nyamara, ikoreshwa rya chromium mu gutwika byateje impungenge ibidukikije bitewe n’ubushobozi bw’imyanda y’ubumara n’umwanda.Uruganda rugomba kubahiriza amabwiriza akomeye nuburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ingaruka z’ibidukikije ziterwa na chromium.
Ibindi bintu bya shimi bikoreshwa mugutunganya ibicuruzwa birimo acide, base, hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwogukora.Iyi miti ifasha gukuramo umusatsi ninyama kumpu, guhindura pH yumuti woguhindura, no koroshya guhuza tannine cyangwa chromium na fibre ya kolagen.Uruganda rugomba gukoresha iyi miti neza kugirango umutekano w’abakozi urinde ibidukikije.
Usibye ibikoresho nyamukuru byo gutwika, uruganda rushobora gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye byingirakamaro kugirango bigere kumiterere yihariye cyangwa birangire muruhu.Ibi bishobora kuba birimo amarangi hamwe nibara ryibara ryamabara, amavuta n'ibishashara kugirango byorohe kandi birwanya amazi, hamwe nibikoresho birangiza nka resin na polymers kumiterere no kumurika.Guhitamo ibikoresho byingirakamaro biterwa nibintu byifuzwa biranga uruhu rwuzuye, haba kubikoresho byo murwego rwohejuru cyangwa ibicuruzwa byo hanze.
Guhitamo no guhuza ibikoresho fatizo byo gutunganya uruhu ni inzira igoye kandi yihariye isaba gusobanukirwa byimbitse na chimie, ibinyabuzima, na siyansi yubumenyi.Uruganda rugomba guhuza neza ibintu nkigiciro, ingaruka z’ibidukikije, no kubahiriza amabwiriza mu gihe uharanira gukora uruhu rwiza rwo mu rwego rwo hejuru rwujuje ibyifuzo by’isoko.
Uko abaguzi bamenya ibibazo by’ibidukikije n’imyitwarire bigenda byiyongera, hari inyungu ziyongera ku buryo burambye kandi bwangiza ibidukikije.Ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe birimo gushakisha ubundi buryo bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa biva mu masoko ashobora kuvugururwa, nk'ibishishwa n'imbuto bivamo imbuto, ndetse n'ikoranabuhanga rishya nko gutunganya imisemburo n'imboga.Izi mbaraga zigamije kugabanya gushingira ku miti no kugabanya ibidukikije byangiza umusaruro w’uruhu.
Muri rusange, ibikoresho fatizo byo gutwika uruhu biratandukanye kandi bitandukanye, byerekana amateka akomeye hamwe nudushya dukomeje mu nganda zimpu.Mugusobanukirwa no gucunga neza ibyo bikoresho fatizo, uruganda rushobora gukomeza gutanga uruhu rwohejuru rwujuje ibyifuzo byabaguzi mugihe rukemura ibibazo byo kuramba no kwita kubidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-14-2024
